Mutato watches the 1985 movie Mask starring Cher. It is also another reference to Frankenstein, where the monster studied and related to John Milton's Paradise Lost, Mutato here can relate to the boy in the movie.
Dr. Pollidori had to leave so he could deliver an address at the University of Ingolstadt. The Ingolstadt University is the institution where medical student Victor Frankenstein first had the idea of 'creating' a human.
Dr. Pollidori's wife, Elizabeth, was named so because the infamous Dr. Frankenstein's wife was also named Elizabeth.
'The Post-Modern Prometheus' was nominated for seven Emmy awards in 1998; Outstanding Writing, Directing, Art Direction, Cinematography, Single-Picture Editing, Makeup and Music Composition. 'Graeme Murray', Greg Loewen and Shirley Inget walked away with the award for Outstanding Art Direction.
This episode was filmed between the 'Emily' 2 parter because David Duchovny was scheduled to be away from Vancouver while promoting his movie Playing God (1997).
At the end of this episode (during the famous dance scene) the song playing is "Walking in Memphis" and sung by Cher.
Chris Carter asked the hairstylist Anji Bemben to make certain people look like certain animals. The newspaper reporter had to look like a chicken, another one had to look like a goat, and yet another one like a pig.
The role of Cher was written for Cher herself, a major X-Files fan. She declined at the time as she thought that her appearance would be a bit tacky. She regretted this decision after viewing the episode when it aired.
Dr. Pollidori was named for physician Dr. John Pollidori, who was the personal physician of Lord Byron. Lord Byron is the man who suggested the ghost story competition that inspired Mary Shelley to write Frankenstein.
An ad lib by David Duchovny was cut from the final version. After the waitress at J.J.'s County Dinner dumps coffee in his lap, he complains: "Why'd you go and do that for? Now my crotch is going to be up all night!".
Chris Owens, who plays the great Mutato in this episode, goes on to play the recurring character of Agent Spender in the series.
The role of Shaineh Berkowitz was originally written for, and offered to, comedienne and actress Roseanne but she turned down the offer.
The title is a homage to Mary Shelley's famous book Frankenstein - which is actually titled Frankenstein: Or the Modern Prometheus.